Liquids are fascinatingly versatile substances, able to transition between states of tranquil calmness and utter chaotic motion. Steady motion, a state characterized by consistency, occurs when particles move in an organized fashion, creating a flow that is smooth. Conversely, turbulence emerges when these forces become disorganized, resulting in a

While groundbreaking for its time, the Bohr model featured several shortcomings that ultimately proved to be its overthrow. One primary limitation was its failure to completely predict the lines of multi-electron atoms. The model also struggled to account for phenomena like quantumtunneling. Furthermore, its predictable nature contradicted with the